Title:
Comparison of the Behavior and Cost of Moment Frame Structures, X-bracing, and Inverted V-bracing for Low-story Building

Authors:
I Gede Gegiranang Wiryadi, I Gusti Agung Ayu Istri Lestari, Indonesia

Abstract:

This research compares the efficiency of three steel structural systems, namely moment frame, X-bracing, and inverted-V bracing, in a four-story school building in a high earthquake zone. Analysis is carried out using linear static and dynamic spectrum responses based on applicable earthquake load provisions to determine the structure's response to earthquakes. Cost estimates focus on the main components of the structure, namely columns, beams, and braces. The results indicate that all systems meet the safe limits of deflections and demand-to-capacity ratio (D/C < 1.0). The maximum deflections were recorded at 31.32 mm for the moment-frame, 21.50 mm for the X-brace, and 21.39 mm for the inverted-V bracing, indicating that the bracing system is more effective in reducing deflection. In terms of materials, the moment-frame requires 108 tons of steel, X-bracing 94.3 tons, and inverted-V bracing 89.2 tons. Cost estimates indicate savings of 13.1% for Bracing-X and 17.8% for Bracing Inverted-V. Even though the inverted-V bracing system has the potential to disrupt spatial planning, this system remains the most technically and economically efficient for educational buildings in high seismic areas.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijaemr.2025.1417